Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation: implication for anticancer effect of diethylstilbestrol in hormone refractory prostate cancer

doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602520

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of the proliferation of human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 by diethylstilbestrol (DES). Cells were incubated for 24 h, and thereafter CM was aspirated away and the cells were incubated with CM containing various concentrations of DES. After 72 h, the number of viable cells was measured by MTT assay. Optical densities (OD) of cell lysates were measured at a wavelength of 540 nm. The values are expressed as means+s.d. ( n =3), and the P -values were <0.05 ( * ) and <0.01 (†).

Article Snippet: The human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 were purchased from Dainippon Pharmaceutical (Tokyo, Japan) and cultured in RPMI (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) (Moregate, Bulimba, Australia).

Techniques: Inhibition, Incubation, MTT Assay

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Curcumin―The Paradigm of a Multi-Target Natural Compound with Applications in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

doi: 10.3390/toxins2010128

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation by gene expression profiling of the molecular targets of curcumin in cancer cells.

Article Snippet: Affymetrix, Superarray , human LNCap androgen-responsive prostate adenocarcinoma cell line, human C42B androgen non-responsive prostate adenocarcinoma cell line (derived from LNCap cell line) , Oxidative stress response was identified as the major pathway involved in curcumin induced biological responses in prostate cancer cells. Additionally curcumin suppresses androgen receptor in androgen responsive and refractory cells. , [ ] .

Techniques: Gene Expression, Expressing, Activity Assay, Knock-Out, Ubiquitin Proteomics, Quantitative Proteomics, Control, Derivative Assay

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: DON decreases the viability of prostate cancer cells. The results were obtained by MTT assay and expressed as a percentage of control cells for 22Rv1 ( A ), LNCaP ( B ), PC3 ( C ), and DU-145 ( D ) cells. Changes in cell morphology after 24 h of DON treatment ( E ). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001 as compared to the control. DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: MTT Assay, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: DON induces oxidative stress in prostate cancer cells. The changes in ROS production in 22Rv1 ( A ), LNCaP ( B ), PC3 ( C ), and DU-145 ( D ) cells after DON treatment for 24 h were expressed as the percentage of gated cells; non-treated cells were used as a control; the values are expressed as the mean ±SE; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001 as compared to the control. The representative histogram of cells distribution according to ROS production after DON treatment ( E ). The representative results of Western blot analysis ( F ). The activity of SOD and GPx enzymes in 22Rv1 ( G , K ), LNCaP ( H , L ), PC3 ( I , M ) and DU-145 ( J , N ) cells was estimated by ELISA. SOD1—superoxide dismutase 1, SOD2—superoxide dismutase 2, GAPDH—anti-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GPx—glutathione peroxidase, DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Control, Western Blot, Activity Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: The relative expression of SOD1 and SOD2 after DON treatment. The results are presented as a mean. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05, as compared to the control. SOD1—superoxide dismutase 1, SOD2—superoxide dismutase 2, DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: The relative expression of genes associated with oxidative stress. The results are expressed as a mean. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.001 as compared to the control. RelA—transcription factor p65, FOXO3—forkhead box O3, HIF1α—hypoxia inducible factor 1α, DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: DON induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. The changes in the number of apoptotic (early and late apoptotic) in 22Rv1 ( A ), LNCaP ( B ), PC3 ( C ), and DU-145 ( D ) cells after DON treatment were measured and expressed as the percentage of gated cells; non-treated cells were used as controls; the values are expressed as the mean ± SE; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05 as compared to the control. The representative results of the Apoptosis Profile after DON treatment ( E ). DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: The relative expression of genes associated with apoptosis. The results are expressed as a mean. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05 as compared to the control. Casp3—caspase 3, Bax—BCL2 associated X apoptosis regulator, DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: DON modulates the expression of p53, p-p63, cleaved Casp3, and PARP in 22Rv1 ( A , E , I , M ), LNCaP ( B , F , J , N ), PC3 ( C , G , K , O ), and DU-145 ( D , H , L , P ) cells. The results of ELISA are presented as absorbance values. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001 ** p < 0.01, as compared to the control cells. DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: The influence of DON on the mitochondrial potential of 22Rv1 ( A ), LNCaP ( B ), PC3 ( C ), and DU-145 ( D ) cells. The changes in the number of live cells with depolarized mitochondria (LL), dead cells with depolarized mitochondria (UL) and dead cells with mitochondria that had not been depolarized (UR) after DON treatment were estimated by the Muse™ MitoPotential Assay; non-treated cells were used as a control; the values are expressed as the mean ± SE; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05 as compared to the control. A representative histogram of the cell health profile after DON treatment ( E ). DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: The influence of DON on DNA damage. The changes in the percentage of cells with damaged DNA after DON treatment in 22Rv1 ( A ), LNCaP ( B ), PC3 ( C ), and DU-145 ( D ) were expressed as the percentage of gated cells; non-treated cells were used as a control; the values are expressed as the mean ± SE; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05 as compared to the control. DAPI stained nuclei ( E ) after DON treatment, and non-proper nuclei morphology was marked with white arrows; non-treated cells were used as the control. DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Control, Staining

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: The influence of DON on cell cycle progression. The number of 22Rv1 ( A ), LNCaP ( B ), PC3 ( C ), and DU-145 ( D ) cells in the G0/G1, S and G2/M cell cycle phases was expressed as percentage of gated cells. The results are expressed as the mean ± SE. The representative results obtained by flow cytometry with the Cell Cycle Analysis kit ( E ). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05 as compared to the control. DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Cell Cycle Assay, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxins11050265

Figure Lengend Snippet: The relative expression of genes associated with the cell cycle. The results are presented as a mean. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05 as compared to the control. CCND1 —cyclin D1, CDK4 —cyclin dependent kinase 4, CDC2 —cyclin-dependent kinase 1, CCNB1 —cyclin B1, CDKN1A —cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, DON—deoxynivalenol, Cnt—control.

Article Snippet: Human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 were purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and DU-145 from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control